WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tang dynasty, Wade-Giles romanization T’ang, (618–907 ce), Chinese dynasty that succeeded the short-lived Sui dynasty (581–618), developed a successful form of government and administration on the Sui model, and stimulated a cultural and artistic flowering that amounted to a golden age.

Detailed explanation-2: -Scholar officials (gentry) in the Tang dynasty served the royal family as well as the local, regional and state governments. To work in government, these scholars typically acquired academic degrees in calligraphy and Confucianism. To acquire a degree, scholars had to pass rigorous civil service examinations.

Detailed explanation-3: -Shiren (scholars or scholar officials) is the collective term of the ancient Chinese intellectuals, and is also an elite social group unique to ancient China. They learned and spread knowledge; they participated in politics; they carried on and carried forward Chinese traditional culture.

Detailed explanation-4: -Generally, the head of the family will be the ruler of the land, like an emperor or king. When that ruler dies, another member of the family will take power, usually the oldest son. When a new family takes control, then a new dynasty begins.

Detailed explanation-5: -Marked by strong and benevolent rule, successful diplomatic relationships, economic expansion, and a cultural efflorescence of cosmopolitan style, Tang China emerged as one of the greatest empires in the medieval world.