WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The earliest farmers raised barley and wheat and kept sheep and goats, later supplemented by cattle and pigs. Their innovations spread from the Middle East northward into Europe by two routes: across Turkey and Greece into central Europe and across Egypt and North Africa and thence to Spain.

Detailed explanation-2: -With the dawn of the Neolithic age, farming became established across Europe and people turned their back on aquatic resources, a food source more typical of the earlier Mesolithic period, instead preferring to eat meat and dairy products from domesticated animals.

Detailed explanation-3: -Agriculture: The people of the Neolithic Age cultivated ragi, horse gram, cotton, rice, wheat, and barley and hence were termed as food producers. They domesticated cattle, sheep, and goats.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Neolithic Era began when some groups of humans gave up the nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle completely to begin farming. It may have taken humans hundreds or even thousands of years to transition fully from a lifestyle of subsisting on wild plants to keeping small gardens and later tending large crop fields.

Detailed explanation-5: -Tools (blades) of flint and obsidian, helped the Neolithic farmer and stock-rearer to cut his food, reap cereals, cut hides etc. Larger tools of polished stone provided adzes for tilling the earth, axes for the logging of trees, chisels for wood, bone and stone working (e.g. stone vessels, seals, figurines).