WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -A new capital metropolitan region was established; the country was divided into provinces ruled by appointees of the central government; a series of new roads and post stations was constructed to improve communications with outlying districts; and a uniform system of taxes was introduced.

Detailed explanation-2: -In a series of edicts, the court sought to centralize political power, create state institutions mirroring China’s imperial bureaucracy, and establish national landholding and taxation systems. Many historians have considered the Taika Reforms the genesis of the Japanese imperial state.

Detailed explanation-3: -Around the fifth century C.E., the Yamato clan emerged as the most powerful agricultural community in central Japan. Through negotiation, marriage, diplomacy and warfare, the Yamato unified the rival clans into a confederation and ruled as Japan’s first emperors.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Reform Edicts severely curtailed the independence of regional officials and constituted the imperial court as a place of appeal and complaint about the people. In addition, the last edicts attempted to end certain social practices, in order to bring Japanese society more in line with Chinese social practices.

Detailed explanation-5: -Reformers put forth a program called the Taika Reform (“great change”). These reforms made everyone a subject of the emperor and all land was now belong to the emperor and not clan leaders. However, clan leaders were given paid official jobs.