WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -At the top of the hierarchy were the Brahmins who were mainly teachers and intellectuals and are believed to have come from Brahma’s head. Then came the Kshatriyas, or the warriors and rulers, supposedly from his arms. The third slot went to the Vaishyas, or the traders, who were created from his thighs.

Detailed explanation-2: -A hierarchical system wherein generally the Brahmins were at the head of the hierarchy, but this hierarchy was disputed in some cases. In various linguistic areas, hundreds of castes had a gradation generally acknowledged by everyone.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Brahmans are divided into 10 main territorial divisions, five of which are associated with the north and five with the south. The northern group consists of Sarasvati, Gauda, Kannauj, Maithil, and Utkal Brahmans, and the southern group comprises Maharashtra, Andhra, Dravida, Karnata, and Malabar Brahmans.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Brahmin and the Kshatriya make up the upper castes, 20 percent of India’s population is within this category.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Brahmans or the priestly class and the Kshatriyas considered themselves as upper castes. They enjoyed superiority over the other segments of the society.

Detailed explanation-6: -The study concluded that about 83% of the Brahmins in the dataset belonged to four major haplogroups, of which two emerged from Central Asia, one from the Fertile Crescent, and one was of an indigenous Indian origin. Keywords: Brahmin; Haplogroup; Haplotype; India; Y-DNA; Y-chromosome.