WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Minamoto no Yoritomo ( , May 9, 1147 – February 9, 1199) was the founder and the first shogun of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan, ruling from 1192 until 1199, also the first shogun in the history of Japan. He was the husband of Hōjō Masako who acted as regent (shikken) after his death.

Detailed explanation-2: -The word “shogun” is a title that was granted by the Emperor to the country’s top military commander. During the Heian period (794-1185) the members of the military gradually became more powerful than the court officials, and eventually they took control of the whole government.

Detailed explanation-3: -Defying the emperor, Yoritomo established shugo (constables) and jitō (district stewards) throughout the Japanese provinces, thus undermining the central government’s local administrative power, and in 1192 he acquired the title of supreme commander (shogun) over the shugo and jitō.

Detailed explanation-4: -In exile Yoritomo found support for his cause in Hōjō Tokimasa (see Hōjō family), and in 1185 he defeated the Taira. In 1192 the cloistered emperor (see insei) granted him the title of shogun, which made him the supreme authority over all military forces in the country.

Detailed explanation-5: -Ieyasu became the shōgun, and the Tokugawa clan governed Japan from Edo Castle in the eastern city of Edo (Tokyo) along with the daimyō lords of the samurai class.