WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The partition of the Ottoman Empire (30 October 1918 – 1 November 1922) was a geopolitical event that occurred after World War I and the occupation of Istanbul by British, French and Italian troops in November 1918.

Detailed explanation-2: -The agreement allocated to Britain control of areas between the Mediterranean Sea and the River Jordan, Jordan, and southern Iraq; France got control of southeastern Turkey, northern Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon; and Russia received Istanbul, the Turkish Straits, and Armenia.

Detailed explanation-3: -As they divided the land, they drew borders that paid no attention to local cultures. This caused some ethnic and religious groups to be separated by boundaries, while other rival groups were grouped together. Claims over land led to long periods of conflict and bloodshed in the region.

Detailed explanation-4: -In November 1917 the war in the Middle East was overshadowed by the disclosure of the Sykes-Picot Agreement by the new Russian Bolshevik regime. In this secret 1916 deal, Britain and France had agreed to divide the Ottoman Empire’s Middle Eastern territories into their own zones of influence after the war.

Detailed explanation-5: -The losses in the Middle East were staggering: the war not only ravaged the land and decimated armies, it destroyed whole societies and economies. In this way, the experience of World War I in the Middle East is perhaps more akin to the experience of World War II in Europe.