HISTORY
HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE EAST
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Shah Reza Pahlavi was supported by major Western powers.
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Members of the Islamic clergy opposed Shah Reza Pahlavi.
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The primary cause for the revolution was the exile of Shah Reza Pahlavi’s critics.
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Supporters of Ayatollah Khomeini overthrew Shah Reza Pahlavi.
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Detailed explanation-1: -White Revolution (1963–1978) The White Revolution was a far-reaching series of reforms in Iran launched in 1963 by Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and lasted until 1978. Mohammad Reza Shah’s reform program was built especially to weaken those classes that supported the traditional system.
Detailed explanation-2: -The major cause of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 was the government’s inability to satisfy the rising expectations of the Iranian people-especially following the sudden enormous increase in the price of oil in 1973.
Detailed explanation-3: -Its causes continue to be the subject of historical debate and are believed to have stemmed partly from a conservative backlash opposing the westernization and secularization efforts of the Western-backed Shah, as well as from a more popular reaction to social injustice and other shortcomings of the ancien régime.
Detailed explanation-4: -With Khomeini’s approval, the radicals demanded the return of the shah to Iran and held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days. The shah died in Egypt of cancer in July 1980. In December 1979, a new Iranian constitution was approved, naming Khomeini as Iran’s political and religious leader for life.
Detailed explanation-5: -Reza Shah introduced many social, economic, and political reforms during his reign, ultimately laying the foundation of the modern Iranian state. Therefore, he is regarded as the founder of modern Iran. At the age of 14 he joined the Iranian Cossack Brigade, and also served in the army.