WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The British established their first treaty ports in China after the First Opium War by the Treaty of Nanking in 1842. As well as ceding the island of Hong Kong to the United Kingdom in perpetuity, the treaty also established five treaty ports at Shanghai, Guangzhou (Canton), Ningbo, Fuzhou, and Xiamen (Amoy).

Detailed explanation-2: -By the early 19th century, the British Empire trade was heavily dependent upon the importation of tea, silk, and porcelain from China.

Detailed explanation-3: -Opium and tea They would only sell their goods in exchange for silver, and as a result large amounts of silver were leaving Britain. In order to stop this, the East India Company and other British merchants began to smuggle Indian opium into China illegally, for which they demanded payment in silver.

Detailed explanation-4: -Clashes between the Qing government and British merchants ultimately escalated into the infamous Opium Wars. As a result, the British were given the island of Hong Kong and trading rights in the ports of Canton and Shanghai.

Detailed explanation-5: -Britain won the war in 1842, leading to the Treaty of Nanking. This treaty gave Hong Kong Island to Britain, allowed for free British trade with any merchants in China, and forced China to pay damages for the destroyed opium.