WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Europeans began to drain African natural resources including palm oil, ivory, rubber, gold, diamonds, metals, and cotton. The European rule in Africa was a mixture of economic exploitation, racist subjugation and well-meaning reform.

Detailed explanation-2: -Raw materials like rubber, timber, diamonds, and gold were found in Africa. Europeans also wanted to protect trade routes.

Detailed explanation-3: -The discovery of diamonds in Kimberley in 1867 and of gold on the Witwatersrand (centered on the city of Johannesburg) in 1886 transformed South African from an agrarian society at the edge of world trade into a globally integrated industrial economy.

Detailed explanation-4: -The European imperialist push into Africa was motivated by three main factors, economic, political, and social.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nearly half the gold ever mined in human history has come from these conglomerates in South Africa’s Witwatersrand basin. Figure 1. Rolling hills near the center of the Witwatersrand basin show highly fractured sandstone beds turned nearly vertical, or even overturned in places.