WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The first noted mention of “one country, two systems” as a concept is believed to be a proposal from Deng Xiaoping to promote Chinese unification over the separated territories held by the Kuomintang-led Nationalist government of the Republic of China across the Taiwan Strait.

Detailed explanation-2: -No, Hong Kong is not a country. Hong Kong is a special administrative region of China. Hong Kong’s status as a special administrative region stems from its history as a former British colony.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Chief Executive is the head of the Region and head of government of Hong Kong. The Basic Law designates a system of governance led by a Chief Executive and an Executive Council, under the principles of separation of powers, with a two-tiered system of semi-representative government and an independent judiciary.

Detailed explanation-4: -The whole territory was transferred to China in 1997. As one of China’s two special administrative regions (the other being Macau), Hong Kong maintains separate governing and economic systems from that of mainland China under the principle of “one country, two systems".

Detailed explanation-5: -The Sino-British Joint Declaration is a treaty between the United Kingdom and China signed in 1984 setting the conditions in which Hong Kong was transferred to Chinese control and for the governance of the territory after 1 July 1997.