WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -A serf could become a freedman only through manumission, enfranchisement, or escape. From as early as the 2nd century ce, many of the large, privately held estates in the Roman Empire that had been worked by gangs of slaves were gradually broken up into peasant holdings.

Detailed explanation-2: -There were many causes for the breakdown of the feudal system including the Plague, political changes in England, and a long series of wars.

Detailed explanation-3: -One reason for the decline of feudalism was the rise of towns and increased trade. Kings supported the towns in exchange for money. With the money from towns, kings hired armies and protected the towns. This weakened the nobles (leaders of feudalism) The Crusades also weakened them.

Detailed explanation-4: -The consequence of the feudal system was the creation of very localised groups of communities which owed loyalty to a specific local lord who exercised absolute authority in his domain. As fiefs were often hereditary, a permanent class divide was established between those who had land and those who rented it.