WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -On 23 September 1122, near the German city of Worms, Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V entered into an agreement, now known as the Concordat of Worms, that effectively ended the Investiture Controversy.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gregory VII eventually banned completely the investiture of ecclesiastics by all laymen, including kings. The prohibition was first promulgated in September 1077 in France by the papal legate Hugh of Die at the Council of Autun.

Detailed explanation-3: -The contest over lay control of investiture grew intense in 1075 when Pope Gregory VII banned lay investiture. Henry IV (1056-1106) insisted on his authority as a divinely appointed sovereign to involve himself in the Church of his nation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gregory VII excommunicated Henry IV three times. Consequently, Henry IV would appoint Antipope Clement III to oppose him in the political power struggles between the Catholic Church and his empire.