HISTORY
MEDIEVAL CHRISTIAN EUROPE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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forbidding priests to marry
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outlawing the selling of Church offices
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banned the practice whereby kings could appoint priests, bishops, and the heads of monasteries.
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forbidding kings to marry
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Detailed explanation-1: -The Gregorian Reforms were a series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII and the circle he formed in the papal curia, c. 1050–80, which dealt with the moral integrity and independence of the clergy.
Detailed explanation-2: -The Gregorian reform strove to free the hierarchy and the goods of the Church from this lay control. Selection of Pastors. The decree of 1059 had restored to the Roman Church the selection of the sovereign pontiff. The struggle against lay investiture restored the independence of the episcopate.
Detailed explanation-3: -Why did the appointment of bishops become the issue in a struggle between kings and popes? Because the bishops were very influential in controlling the people within the Empire. What generalizations could you make about the relationship between politics and religion in the Middle Ages?
Detailed explanation-4: -The Investiture Controversy was a fight between the Holy Roman emperor and the pope over who had the right to appoint bishops and other church officials.
Detailed explanation-5: -Pope Gregory VII condemned lay investiture in 1078 as an unjustified assertion of secular authority over the church; the issue was pivotal in his dispute with King Henry IV and in the larger struggle over Henry’s refusal to obey papal commands.