WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Feudalism. Feudalism was the medieval model of government predating the birth of the modern nation-state. Feudal society is a military hierarchy in which a ruler or lord offers mounted fighters a fief (medieval beneficium), a unit of land to control in exchange for a military service.

Detailed explanation-2: -This interesting paper finds that, in 1300, Europe had 210 cities with consistent populations of 10, 000 or more. The 92 largest cities constituted 3.3 percent of Europe’s population, or about 2.6 million people out of 79 million total.

Detailed explanation-3: -When invaders attacked Europe, the peasants, or farmers, could not rely on kings. Instead, they looked to nobles for protection. During the A.D. 800s, this shift of power from kings to nobles led to a new order known as feudalism (FYOO⚫duhl•IH•zuhm).

Detailed explanation-4: -Medieval writers classified people into three groups: those who fought (nobles and knights), those who prayed (men and women of the Church), and those who worked (the peasants).

Detailed explanation-5: -At the very top of feudal society were the monarchs, or kings and queens. As you have learned, medieval monarchs were also feudal lords. They were expected to keep order and to provide protection for their vassals.