HISTORY
NATIONALISM AND THE SPREAD OF DEMOCRACY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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They raised armies to restore Spain’s monarchy.
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They shifted their allegiance from Spain to France.
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They demanded independence from Spain’s colonial rule.
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They shifted their allegiance from France to Spain.
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Detailed explanation-1: -How did Latin American leaders react when Napoleon conquered Spain in 1808? They demanded independence from Spain’s colonial rule.
Detailed explanation-2: -Early struggles for independence in Latin America grew out of the Napoleonic wars raging in Europe. Napoleon’s invasion of Spain is often seen as the proximate cause of the revolutions for independence in Spanish America.
Detailed explanation-3: -The wars of independence, 1808–26 The final victory of Latin American patriots over Spain and the fading loyalist factions began in 1808 with the political crisis in Spain. With the Spanish king and his son Ferdinand taken hostage by Napoleon, Creoles and peninsulars began to jockey for power across Spanish America.
Detailed explanation-4: -This empire lasted for over 300 years. Then, between the years 1811 and 1830 one Spanish colony after another-Uruguay, Para-guay, Chile, Mexico, Ecuador, the United Provinces of Central America, Peru, Bo-livia, Columbia, and Venezuela-declared their independence from Spain.
Detailed explanation-5: -Spanish law allowed wealthy people of mixed heritage to “buy” whiteness and rise in society. This angered the privileged elite classes. The “dark side” of the revolutions was that they were fought, in part, to keep the old racist system of classes.
Detailed explanation-6: -A growing spirit of nationalism and the French ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity inspired many Latin Americans to rise up against their French, Spanish, and Portuguese masters.