WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Both Egypt and Mesopotamia created complex, advanced irrigation systems in order to move the water from the river to the fields. Both these societies were among the first on Earth to develop irrigation technology, creating extensive canals and dikes to divert water from the rivers to the fields.

Detailed explanation-2: -Both the Mesopotamian irrigation system and that in the Egyptian delta were of the basin type, which were opened by digging a gap in the embankment and closed by placing mud back into the gap. Water was hoisted using the swape, as in Egypt.

Detailed explanation-3: -The farmers in Sumer created levees to hold back the floods from their fields and cut canals to channel river water to the fields. The use of levees and canals is called irrigation, another Sumerian invention.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Tigris River, which borders Mesopotamia in the Fertile Crescent, has been a key source of irrigation, power, and travel that dates back to the earliest known civilizations.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Egyptians practiced a form of water management called basin irrigation, a productive adaptation of the natural rise and fall of the river. They constructed a network of earthen banks, some parallel to the river and some perpendicular to it, that formed basins of various sizes.

Detailed explanation-6: -The agriculture of southern or Lower Mesopotamia, the land of Sumer and Akkad, which later became Babylonia received almost no rain and required large scale irrigation works which were supervised by temple estates, but could produce high returns.