WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Watt’s early engines were like the original Newcomen designs in that they used low-pressure steam, and all of the power was produced by atmospheric pressure.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first commercial steam-powered device was a water pump, developed in 1698 by Thomas Savery. It used condensing steam to create a vacuum which raised water from below and then used steam pressure to raise it higher.

Detailed explanation-3: -Steam power became the energy source for many machines and vehicles, making it cheaper and easier to produce commodities in large amounts. This in turn increased the demand for raw materials used to build more machines that can produce even more commodities.

Detailed explanation-4: -His idea: to add a condenser situated outside the cylinder. In Watt’s engine, condensation activity is moved to a separate and perpetually cooled chamber. The steam condenses faster and the cylinder remains perpetually hot. The result: Watt’s machine is twice as fast as its predecessor.

Detailed explanation-5: -The expansion of steam pushes the pistons that connect to the driving wheels that operate the locomotive. Coal or oil are the fuels used for heating the water (coal is shown in the diagram). Coal is carried in the tender of the locomotive and is hand-shoveled by the fireman into the firebox.