WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Neolithic or agricultural revolution resulted in a demographic transition and major increases in population (Table 6.1) and population density (Table 6.3). The population of hunter–gatherers rose at a very low rate constrained by the carrying capacity of the land (see Chapter 4, Fig. 4.1).

Detailed explanation-2: -Following the Neolithic or agricultural revolution, the population made its first major leap, reaching over the short span of 8, 000 years around 150 million by the year 1000 bce (2.6 persons per square mile). For the next two and a half thousand years there was relatively little change.

Detailed explanation-3: -One of the most important innovations of the Agricultural Revolution was the development of the Norfolk four-course rotation, which greatly increased crop and livestock yields by improving soil fertility and reducing fallow.

Detailed explanation-4: -Use of High yield varieties of seeds to increase production for increasing population will result in over irrigation, soil contamination, high pesticides usage and alkalinisation of lands.

Detailed explanation-5: -For many years the agricultural revolution in England was thought to have occurred because of three major changes: the selective breeding of livestock; the removal of common property rights to land; and new systems of cropping, involving turnips and clover.

Detailed explanation-6: -When early humans began farming, they were able to produce enough food that they no longer had to migrate to their food source. This meant they could build permanent structures, and develop villages, towns, and eventually even cities. Closely connected to the rise of settled societies was an increase in population.