WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are three main raw materials needed to make steel. Iron ore, coal and scrap steel.

Detailed explanation-2: -Solution. The resources necessary for the development of Iron and Steel industry are iron-ore; fuel-coal, thermal power; ferro alloys-tungsten, cobalt, manganese; scrap-waste material; flux-limestone, dolomite or gypsum.

Detailed explanation-3: -Two steps are needed to make iron and steel – the key materials of the industrial era-from iron ore. First, the ore has to be smelted in the blast furnace to produce pig iron, which is then refined in the fire to produce wrought iron or steel. Both steps are dependent on the type of fuel used.

Detailed explanation-4: -Because of its high tensile strength and low cost, steel is used in buildings, infrastructure, tools, ships, trains, cars, bicycles, machines, electrical appliances, and weapons. Iron is the base metal of steel.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron.