WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The factory owners preferred female and child workers since they could pay them less. Workers including children, during this time, had to work for long hours for very less pay. Moreover, women were not provided with any facilities and children were employed in dangerous mines.

Detailed explanation-2: -Women tended to receive between one third to on half of a man’s average salary. As the manufacturing industries began to grow, they would take advantage of these low average salaries amongst women and children.

Detailed explanation-3: -Across India child labourers can be found in a variety of industries: in brick kilns, carpet weaving, garment making, domestic service, food and refreshment services (such as tea stalls), agriculture, fisheries and mining.

Detailed explanation-4: -Because of this major boom in production, there was a need for cheap labor. This meant that both women and children entered the workforce, and they could be paid less than men. Women were paid a third of what men were paid, and children either made a tenth of what men were paid, or they worked only for room and board.

Detailed explanation-5: -(iii) Industries prefer child labour because of their nimble fingers moreover, they have high level of concentration and more capacity to work hard on low wages. (iv) The adverse effects of hazardous industries on children are-a) They become victims of bronchial diseases and TB.