WORLD HISTORY

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HISTORY

THE MUSLIM WORLD AND AFRICA

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
____ The split arose from a dispute over who should succeed the Prophet Muhammad after his death in A.D. 632. Some followers believed his successor should be chosen by tribal consensus, and they named one of Muhammad’s inner circle as the first caliph, or spiritual leader. But others thought the successor should come directly from the Prophet’s family, namely his cousin and son-in-law Ali . .. . Source:National Geographic, June 2004
A
tensions between Protestants and Catholic
B
division of Sunnis and Shiites
C
fall of Constantinople
D
pogroms in Russia
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -These disagreements over Muhammad’s true successor led to a major split in Islam between what became the Sunni and Shi’a denominations, a division that still holds to this day. Sunni Muslims believe and confirm that Abu Bakr was chosen by the community and that this was the proper procedure.

Detailed explanation-2: -On Muhammad’s death (June 8, 632), the Muslims of Medina resolved the crisis of succession by accepting Abū Bakr as the first khalīfat rasūl Allāh (“deputy [or successor] of the Prophet of God, ‘’ or caliph).

Detailed explanation-3: -After the death of the Prophet Muhammad, a debate ensued over who should take his place as leader of the faith. Most of the prominent Muslims of Medina claimed that Muhammad had named no successor and elected Abu Bakr, the Prophet’s closest advisor and companion, as the first caliph (successor).

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