WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Following the conquest of North Africa by Muslim Arabs in the 7th century CE, Islam spread throughout West Africa via merchants, traders, scholars, and missionaries, that is largely through peaceful means whereby African rulers either tolerated the religion or converted to it themselves.

Detailed explanation-2: -Between the eighth and ninth centuries, Arab traders and travelers, then African clerics, began to spread the religion along the eastern coast of Africa and to the western and central Sudan (literally, “Land of Black people”), stimulating the development of urban communities.

Detailed explanation-3: -The indigenous peoples of North Africa are Amazigh or Imazighn, often known as “Berbers”. They differ from other populations of North Africa by their culture and their language – Tamazight – which has its own ancient alphabet, Tifinagh.

Detailed explanation-4: -Founded on a plain between sea and hills in the year 670 CE, Kairouan became a capital of dynastic power and a cultural beacon, the center for the spread of Muslim Arab influence through North Africa and southern Europe-not only in religion, but also in architecture, medicine, education, law and more.

Detailed explanation-5: -The spread of Islam in Africa began in the 7th to 9th century, brought to North Africa initially under the Umayyad Dynasty.