WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Throughout Muhammad’s life and the reign of the First Four Caliphs, Medina served as the capital of the growing Islamic Empire.

Detailed explanation-2: -A city in western Saudi Arabia, which was the refuge of Muhammad’s infant Muslim community from its removal from Mecca in ad 622 until its return there in 630. It was renamed Medina, meaning ‘city’, by Muhammad and made the capital of the new Islamic state until it was superseded by Damascus in 661.

Detailed explanation-3: -Medina, officially Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah, is the second holiest city in Islam and the capital of the Medina Province of Saudi Arabia. The 2020 estimated population of the city is 1, 488, 782, making it the fourth-most populous city in the country.

Detailed explanation-4: -The original name of the city before the advent of Islam was Yathrib (Arabic: ), and it is referred to by this name in Chapter 33 (Al-Aḥzāb, lit.

Detailed explanation-5: -Historically known as Yathrib, Madinah was established in the 6th century BC and is the first Islamic Capital and one of the most important places of the revelation of the Prophet (PBUH).

Detailed explanation-6: -Medina is known as the first Islamic city-state with exquisitely united multi-religious and multi-tribe. Because of these reasons, Medina is chosen as a reference of an Islamic city-state and heterogeneous society, similar to Malaysia.