WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Thirty Years’ War was the worst war of the Reformation era. It devastated Germany and killed nearly one-third of its population. Q: How did the Reformation wars end? The Reformation wars finally ended with the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia, which eventually led to secular and sovereign European nation-states.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Thirty Years’ War. The most devastating religious conflict in European history happened in the middle of the Holy Roman Empire. It ultimately dragged on for decades and saw the reduction of the population in the German Lands of between 20 – 40%.

Detailed explanation-3: -Until the 20th century, historians generally viewed the war as a continuation of the religious struggle initiated by the 16th-century Reformation within the Holy Roman Empire.

Detailed explanation-4: -Though the struggles of the Thirty Years War erupted some years earlier, the war is conventionally held to have begun in 1618, when the future Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand II attempted to impose Roman Catholic absolutism on his domains, and the Protestant nobles of both Bohemia and Austria rose up in rebellion.

Detailed explanation-5: -After the Protestant Reformation, these independent states became divided between Catholic and Protestant rulership, giving rise to conflict. The Peace of Augsburg (1555), signed by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, ended the war between German Lutherans and Catholics.