WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Johannes Gutenberg, in full Johann Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg, (born 14th century, Mainz [Germany]-died probably February 3, 1468, Mainz), German craftsman and inventor who originated a method of printing from movable type.

Detailed explanation-2: -As one of the Four Great Inventions in ancient China, movable-type printing technique was invented during the reign of Emperor Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty (1041-1048 AD).

Detailed explanation-3: -The printing press, invented by German goldsmith Johann Gutenberg in 1448, has been called one of the most important inventions in the history of humankind.

Detailed explanation-4: -By around 1540 Gutenberg had conceptualized all the elements needed to print with interchangeable type, including an oil-based, fast-drying ink; a durable easy-to-cast metal alloy for making type; and a screw press designed for rapid operation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Movable type was first created by Bi Sheng (990-1051), who used baked clay, which was very fragile. The Yuan-dynasty official Wang Zhen is credited with the introduction of wooden movable type, a more durable option, around 1297.

Detailed explanation-6: -By 1440 Gutenberg had established the basics of his printing press including the use of a mobile, reusable set of type, and within ten years he had constructed a working prototype of the press. In 1454 Gutenberg put his press to commercial use, producing thousands of indulgences for the Church.