WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Atatürk’s reforms made polygamy illegal, and became the only nation located in the Middle East that had abolished polygamy, which was officially criminalized with the adoption of the Turkish Civil Code in 1926, a milestone in Atatürk’s reforms. Penalties for illegal polygamy set up to 2 years imprisonment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Beginning with the armistice, the creation of the modern Arab world and Turkey began. At the end of the war, Mustafa Kemal was 37 years old. In the final stages of WWI, he was assigned to command the largest remaining Ottoman Army division, the Thunder Groups Command.

Detailed explanation-3: -Reforms and policies designed to modernize Turkey adopted by Kemal Atatürk (1881-1938), the founder and the first president of Republic of Turkey, were known as “Kemalism", and had “six principles: republicanism, nationalism, populism, secularism, revolutionism and statism".

Detailed explanation-4: -The Treaty of Lausanne was signed on 24 July 1923. On 13 October Ankara officially became the capital of the new Turkish state. On 29 October a republic was proclaimed, with Mustafa Kemal as its first president.

Detailed explanation-5: -Kemal modernized Turkey by separating the laws of Islam and the laws of the nation, abolished religious courts and created a new legal system based on European law, granted women the right to vote and hold public office, and launched government funded programs to spur economic growth and industrialize Turkey.