BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -What is Gabriel phthalimide reaction? The Gabriel synthesis is a chemical reaction that transforms primary alkyl halides into primary amines. Traditionally, the reaction uses potassium phthalimide. The name of the reaction comes from the German chemist Siegmund Gabriel.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is used for the preparation of aliphatic primary amines. Since ethanamine is the only primary amine among the given compounds, Hence primary aromatic amine is correct answer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Potassium phthalimide is a-NH2-synthon which allows the preparation of primary amines by reaction with alkyl halides. After alkylation, the phthalimid is not nucleophile and does not react anymore. Product is cleaved by reaction with base or hydrazine, which leads to a stable cyclic product.

Detailed explanation-4: -The reaction of phthalimide with ethanolic KOH gives potassium salt of phthalimide. It is then heated with alkyl halide to form N-alkyl phthalimide. Alkaline hydrolysis (or treatment with hydrazine) gives a primary amine.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Gabriel synthesis, also known as Gabriel malonic ester synthesis, is a reaction that gives us a way to produce amino acids. This reaction allows us to transform primary alkyl halides into primary amines. Recall that nineteen of the twenty amino acids are in fact primary amines.