BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They are particularly important in biochemistry, where the term usually refers to alpha-amino acids. Amino acids serve as the building blocks of proteins, which are linear chains of amino acids.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glycine (Gly), one of the common amino acids, does not have a side chain and is often found at the surface of proteins within loop or coil regions (regions without defined secondary structure), providing high flexibility to the polypeptide chain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Correct option: (a) phosphorus Hence, phosphorus is not found in amino acids.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chemically, an amino acid is a molecule that has a carboxylic acid group and an amine group that are each attached to a carbon atom called the carbon. Each of the 20 amino acids has a specific side chain, known as an R group, that is also attached to the carbon.

Detailed explanation-5: -Basic Side Chains: If the side chain contains an amine functional group, the amino acid produces a basic solution because the extra amine group is not neutralized by the acid group. Amino acids which have basic side chains include: lysine, arginine, and histidine.