BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Monosaccharides consist of a single sugar. Examples include glucose and fructose. Depending on the number of carbon atoms, the carbohydrate may be a triose, tetrose, pentose or hexose. Disaccharides contain two sugar units.

Detailed explanation-2: -Monosaccharides contain a single unit; disaccharides contain two sugar units; and polysaccharides contain many sugar units as in polymers-most contain glucose as the monosaccharide unit. Thumbnail Ball-and-stick model of the -D-glucose molecule, C6H12O6.

Detailed explanation-3: -Monosaccharides are comprised of a single simple sugar unit, glucose, fructose, or galactose, and they cannot be broken down into simple sugar units. These three monosaccharides are combined in various ways to make more complex carbohydrates. Disaccharides are comprised of two monosaccharides bonded together.

Detailed explanation-4: -The second type of simple carbohydrates is disaccharides. They contain two sugar units bonded together.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are nine common monosaccharides found in vertebrate glycoconjugates (Figure 2.4). Once incorporated into a glycan, these nine monosaccharide building blocks can be further modified to generate additional sugar structures.