BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Monosaccharides are made up of single unit composed of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, e.g., glyceraldehyde, erythrose, ribose, glucose, fructose, sedoheptulose. The monosaccharides having aldehyde group are called aldose and those having ketone group are called ketose sugars.

Detailed explanation-2: -The common six-carbon sugars (hexoses) are D-glucose, D-fructose, D-galactose, and D-mannose.

Detailed explanation-3: -A heptose is a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms. They have either an aldehyde functional group in position 1 (aldoheptoses) or a ketone functional group in position 2, 3 or 4 (ketoheptoses).

Detailed explanation-4: -The monosaccharides can be divided into groups based on the number of carbon atoms in the molecules, thus: trioses have 3-C atoms, tetroses have 4-C atoms, pentoses have 5-C atoms, and hexoses have 6-C atoms. Within each of these groups there are different compounds, each with the same molecular formula.