BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The chemical substances that control the growth in plants are called ‘plant hormones ’, also known as Phytohormones. Auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins are the plant hormones which promote growth of plants.

Detailed explanation-2: -Auxin and cytokinin are critical growth hormones in plant development and are naturally present within the plant at variable concentrations throughout the season.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hormones respond to increased sunlight competition by stimulating increased stem elongation. Increased competition can cause plants to put more energy into stem elongation growth versus expanded leaf area.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hormones shape the plant and affect seed growth, time of flowering, sex of flowers, and senescence of leaves and fruits. They affect which tissues grow upward and which grow downward and even plant death. Hormones are vital to plant growth and lacking them, plants would be mostly a mass of undifferentiated cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -The plant hormones are auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid and ethylene.