BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -During elongation, an enzyme called DNA polymerase adds DNA nucleotides to the 3′ end of the template. Because DNA polymerase can only add new nucleotides at the end of a backbone, a primer sequence, which provides this starting point, is added with complementary RNA nucleotides.

Detailed explanation-2: -The unwinding of the double helix of DNA is caused by an enzyme called helicase, which breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the complementary base pairs together, creating two template strands of DNA ready to begin the next step of replication. The place where this enzyme ‘unzips’ the DNA is called the replication fork.

Detailed explanation-3: -Key enzyme involved in DNA replication, it is responsible for ‘unzipping’ the double helix structure by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases on opposite strands of the DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -The primary enzyme involved in this is DNA polymerase which joins nucleotides to synthesize the new complementary strand. DNA polymerase also proofreads each new DNA strand to make sure that there are no errors.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA polymerases add nucleotides to the exposed nitrogen bases, according to the base-pairing rules. o Step 3 Two DNA molecules form that are identical to the original DNA molecule.