BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Ribose is a monosaccharide pentose sugar present in RNA while deoxyribose is a derived monosaccharide sugar present in DNA. Galactose and fructose are hexose sugar.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: The monosaccharide that is used to make deoxyribonucleic acid is called deoxyribose. Deoxyribose is a pentane sugar, which means that it contains 5 carbon atoms as opposed to the 6 carbons that are found in glucose, fructose and other simple sugars.

Detailed explanation-3: -The pentose sugar present in DNA is ribose.

Detailed explanation-4: -During evolution ribose was selected as the exclusive sugar component of nucleic acids. The selection is explained by using molecular models and by eliminating most of the other common sugars by looking at their chemical structure and envisioning how they would fit in a nucleic acid model.

Detailed explanation-5: -Ribose is an aldopentose (a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms that, in its open chain form, has an aldehyde functional group at one end).