BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which are small organic molecules that consist of an alpha (central) carbon atom linked to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable component called a side chain (see below).

Detailed explanation-2: -An amino acid is an organic molecule that is made up of a basic amino group (−NH2), an acidic carboxyl group (−COOH), and an organic R group (or side chain) that is unique to each amino acid.

Detailed explanation-3: -The amino acid R group is a term that refers to the variable group on each amino acid. The amino acid backbone is identical on all amino acids, the R groups are different on all amino acids.

Detailed explanation-4: -Based on the variable group, amino acids can be classified into four categories: nonpolar, polar, negatively charged, and positively charged.

Detailed explanation-5: -A dipeptide has two amino acids. A tripeptide has three amino acids. A tetrapeptide has four amino acids.