BIOLOGY
NUCLEIC ACIDS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
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They insert things that an organism doesn’t need.
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They often delete things that organisms need.
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Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Because an insertion or deletion results in a frame-shift that changes the reading of subsequent codons and, therefore, alters the entire amino acid sequence that follows the mutation, insertions and deletions are usually more harmful than a substitution in which only a single amino acid is altered.
Detailed explanation-2: -Insertion and deletion mutations can have more devastating effects on encoded proteins because, unlike point mutations that can cause a single amino acid in a protein to be changed or cause a protein to be shortened, insertions and deletions have the potential to cause frameshift mutations.
Detailed explanation-3: -While mutations always change the DNA sequence, they do not always cause a change in the resulting protein or an obvious effect on the organism. This can occur because most amino acids can be coded by two or more different codons.
Detailed explanation-4: -An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly. A deletion changes the DNA sequence by removing at least one nucleotide in a gene.