BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -protein The process that changes the shape of a protein molecule without breaking its peptide bonds: denaturation.

Detailed explanation-2: -During the denaturation process of protein, the secondary and tertiary structure of protein will be changed but the peptide bond of the primary structure remains constant. Because, the denaturation reaction is not strong and its energy is not enough to break the peptide bond.

Detailed explanation-3: -A weak bond, known as a hydrogen bond, forms between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom in the amino acids. This gives the protein its shape. What is denaturing and how does it happen? A protein becomes denatured when its normal shape gets deformed because some of the hydrogen bonds are broken.

Detailed explanation-4: -During the denaturation of proteins, the secondary and tertiary structures get destroyed and only the primary structure is retained. Covalent bonds are broken and interaction between amino-acid chains gets disrupted. This results in the loss of biological activity of the proteins.

Detailed explanation-5: -Denaturation involves the breaking of many of the weak linkages, or bonds (e.g., hydrogen bonds), within a protein molecule that are responsible for the highly ordered structure of the protein in its natural (native) state. Denatured proteins have a looser, more random structure; most are insoluble.