BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which are small organic molecules that consist of an alpha (central) carbon atom linked to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable component called a side chain (see below).

Detailed explanation-2: -The 9 essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.

Detailed explanation-3: -A peptide is a short chain of amino acids. The amino acids in a peptide are connected to one another in a sequence by bonds called peptide bonds. Typically, peptides are distinguished from proteins by their shorter length, although the cut-off number of amino acids for defining a peptide and protein can be arbitrary.

Detailed explanation-4: -Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains.

Detailed explanation-5: -Glycine, the smallest amino acid, confers neuroprotection against d-galactose-induced neurodegeneration and memory impairment by regulating c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the mouse brain.