BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Correctly folded and assembled proteins in the ER are packaged into COPII-coated transport vesicles that pinch off from the ER membrane. Shortly thereafter the coat is shed and the vesicles fuse with one another to form vesicular tubular clusters, which move on microtubule tracks to the Golgi apparatus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proteins from the ER enter at its cis face (entry face), which is convex and usually oriented toward the nucleus. They are then transported through the Golgi and exit from its concave trans face (exit face).

Detailed explanation-3: -Proteins and other molecules are transported to the Golgi by packages called vesicles, which fuse with the outermost cisterna, which is known as the ‘cis-face’ of the Golgi, and unload their contents.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Golgi processes proteins made by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before sending them out to the cell. Proteins enter the Golgi on the side facing the ER (cis side), and exit on the opposite side of the stack, facing the plasma membrane of the cell (trans side).

Detailed explanation-5: -Transport vesicles are able to move molecules between locations inside the cell. For example, transport vesicles move proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.