BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -With three bases, there are 43 = 64 codons, which is more than enough to encode the 20 amino acids. Therefore, the genetic code is degenerate, which means more than one triplet can encode the same amino acid. Each amino acid can have more than one codon, but no codon can encode more than one amino acid.

Detailed explanation-2: -If it was one DNA letter for one amino acid then you could only code for a maximum of four amino acids. Two letters in every possible combination could code for up to sixteen amino acids. Still, not enough. But three DNA letters provide more than enough combinations to code for all twenty amino acids.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each group of three nucleotides encodes one amino acid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Each codon represents a single amino acid. Therefore, nine nucleotide bases are required to code for three amino acids. Note: A genetic code chart represents different combinations of the four nucleotide bases.

Detailed explanation-5: -There are about 20 amino acids and they link together in molecular chains called polypeptides, which are the building blocks of proteins.