BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The amino acid sequence is known as the primary structure of the protein. Stretches of polypeptide chain that form helices and sheets constitute the protein’s secondary structure.

Detailed explanation-2: -Secondary structure refers to regular, recurring arrangements in space of adjacent amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain. It is maintained by hydrogen bonds between amide hydrogens and carbonyl oxygens of the peptide backbone. The major secondary structures are -helices and -structures.

Detailed explanation-3: -Secondary structure is generated by formation of hydrogen bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone, which folds the chains into either alpha helices or beta-sheets. Tertiary structure is formed by the folding of the secondary structure sheets or helices into one another.

Detailed explanation-4: -Proteins are built as chains of amino acids, which then fold into unique three-dimensional shapes. Bonding within protein molecules helps stabilize their structure, and the final folded forms of proteins are well-adapted for their functions.

Detailed explanation-5: -The tertiary structure of proteins represents overall folding of the polypeptide chains, further folding of the secondary structure. It gives rise to two major molecular shapes called fibrous and globular.