CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -The valves prevent the backward flow of blood. Valves are actually flaps (leaflets) that act as one-way inlets for blood coming into a ventricle and one-way outlets for blood leaving a ventricle. Normal valves have 3 flaps (leaflets), except the mitral valve.

Detailed explanation-2: -Aortic valve: Allows blood to pass from the left ventricle to the aorta; prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle.

Detailed explanation-3: -The pulmonary valve prevents blood from going backward from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle. Mitral valve: This valve has two leaflets. They allow blood to flow from the lungs into the left atrium. And they prevent backward flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

Detailed explanation-4: -The valves prevent the backward flow of blood. These valves are actual flaps that are located on each end of the two ventricles (lower chambers of the heart). They act as one-way inlets of blood on one side of a ventricle and one-way outlets of blood on the other side of a ventricle.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitral valve backflow causes blood to flow from the left ventricle back into the left atrium. Blood can even back up from the atrium into the lungs, causing shortness of breath. The backflow of blood strains the muscles of both the atrium and the ventricle. Over time, the strain can lead to arrhythmias.