FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -Yes, a stack overflow can cause a segmentation fault and core dump, but not always, it can also cause security breaches, and allow code to run that should not, it depends on how the software is designed and what precautions are taken.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stack overflow causes segmentation fault with OCaml 4.12.

Detailed explanation-3: -The most-common cause of stack overflow is excessively deep or infinite recursion, in which a function calls itself so many times that the space needed to store the variables and information associated with each call is more than can fit on the stack.

Detailed explanation-4: -A buffer overflow doesn’t necessarily cause a segfault-that’s the problem! A guaranteed segfault would be a completely valid and safe way to handle a buffer overflow. But segfaults only happen when your program tries to access memory it does not own.

Detailed explanation-5: -In practice, segfaults are almost always due to trying to read or write a non-existent array element, not properly defining a pointer before using it, or (in C programs) accidentally using a variable’s value as an address (see the scanf example below).