FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -The DHCP server holds IP addresses, as well as related information pertaining to configuration. The DHCP client is a device–such as a computer or phone–that connects to a network and communicates with a DHCP server. The DHCP relay manages requests between DHCP clients and servers.

Detailed explanation-2: -The DHCP service on the server/router looks into the available IP addresses that have not been claimed by other computers and devices. As soon as the DHCP server/router identifies a free IP address, it sends it to the computer or device that requested it.

Detailed explanation-3: -Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol that enables a server to automatically assign an IP address to a computer from a defined range of numbers (that is, a scope) configured for a given network.

Detailed explanation-4: -The DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER message on the network subnet using the destination address 255.255.255.255 (limited broadcast) or the specific subnet broadcast address (directed broadcast).

Detailed explanation-5: -In addition to the IP address, the DHCP also assigns the subnet masks, default gateway and domain name server(DNS) address and other configuration to the host and by doing so, it makes the task of network administrator easier.