FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -A computer’s basic input/output system (BIOS) is a program that’s stored in nonvolatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory, making it firmware. The BIOS (sometimes called ROM BIOS) is always the first program that executes when a computer is powered up.

Detailed explanation-2: -Read-only memory, or ROM, is a type of computer storage containing non-volatile, permanent data that, normally, can only be read, not written to. ROM contains the programming that allows a computer to start up or regenerate each time it is turned on.

Detailed explanation-3: -Read Only Memory (ROM) is found in a microchip within the motherboard, and it cannot be easily altered. This is a type of non-volatile memory that is used to run firmware, or the BIOS, on a personal computer.

Detailed explanation-4: -A ROM chip stores several MB (megabytes) of data, usually 4 to 8 MB per chip, whereas a RAM chip can store multiple GB (gigabytes) of data, ranging from 1 to 256 GB per chip.

Detailed explanation-5: -A single integrated circuit (IC) housing the decoder and OR gates make up ROM. A few Read-Only Memory examples are: MROM (masked read-only memory), PROM (programmable read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable read only memory), EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read only memory), and Flash Memory.