FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -Nonvolatile storage is physical media that retains data without electrical power. This means that no data is lost when the computer is powered off, making hard disks suitable for permanent storage of information.

Detailed explanation-2: -Volatile storage devices lose data when power is interrupted or turned off. By contrast, non-volatile devices are able to retain data regardless of the status of the power source. Common types of volatile storage include static random access memory (SRAM) and dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

Detailed explanation-3: -ROM is non-volatile memory, which means the information is permanently stored on the chip. The memory does not depend on an electric current to save data, instead, data is written to individual cells using binary code.

Detailed explanation-4: -Secondary storage is non-volatile, long-term storage. Without secondary storage, all programs and data will be lost as soon as the computer is turned off. There are three main types of secondary storage in computer systems: solid-state storage devices, such as USB memory sticks.

Detailed explanation-5: -From the given options, only hard drive is a non-volatile memory and non-sequential access memory device.