FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -Passive Attack Is where someone monitors data travelling on a network and intercepts that data (e.g. packet sniffing). Active Attack Where someone attacks a network with malware. Phishing Phishing is a common way to try to steal information like passwords.

Detailed explanation-2: -Attackers may be able to use a packet sniffer to intercept data packets that contain things like usernames, passwords and other valuable data. They could use what they learn from the sniffing attack to take over accounts, escalate their privileges, and further penetrate into the targeted network.

Detailed explanation-3: -Crypto ransomware, a malware variant that encrypts files, is spread through similar methods and has also been spread through social media, such as Web-based instant messaging applications.

Detailed explanation-4: -Firewalls Firewalls are the barrier between your trusted internal network and the untrusted outside network, such as the Internet. By using a specific set of rules, they either allow or block specific types of traffic from entering your network. A firewall can be hardware, software, or both.