FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -A passphrase is a sentencelike string of words used for authentication that is longer than a traditional password, easy to remember and difficult to crack . Typical passwords range, on average, from eight to 16 characters, while passphrases can reach up to 100 characters or more.

Detailed explanation-2: -A password is a string of characters used to verify the identity of a user during the authentication process. Passwords are typically used in tandem with a username; they are designed to be known only to the user and allow that user to gain access to a device, application or website.

Detailed explanation-3: -A four-character password consists of one letter of the alphabet and three different digits between 0 and 9, inclusive. The letter must appear as the second or third character of the password.

Detailed explanation-4: -With a char[], because these are primitives types we are acting on, we could overwrite the array with any value, meaning we can avoid having sensitive data present in memory once we are done processing it. Additionally, strings in Java are reserved in a special area in heap memory called the String Constant Pool.