FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -File infecting viruses, or file infectors, generally copy their code onto executable programs such as . COM and . EXE files. Most file infectors simply replicate and spread, but some inadvertently damage host programs.

Detailed explanation-2: -A virus typically attaches itself to a program, file, or the boot sector of the hard drive. Once the virus attaches itself to that file or program (aka, the host), they’re infected. When the infected application or file runs in the computer, the virus activates and executes in the system.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer: File infector viruses: these infect program files, such as applications, games or utilities. They are often memory-resident, meaning that once they have been executed they remain active in the computer’s memory and can infect more programs. Examples include Jerusalem and Cascade.

Detailed explanation-4: -Macro viruses: these infect data files, such as Word documents or Excel spreadsheets, rather than programs. They are very common and can be difficult and expensive to repair. Macro viruses are written using macro programming languages, designed to allow users to automate tasks within an application.

Detailed explanation-5: -Direct Action Virus – When a virus attaches itself directly to a .exe or .com file and enters the device while its execution is called a Direct Action Virus. If it gets installed in the memory, it keeps itself hidden. It is also known as Non-Resident Virus.