FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -If you do not want cell references to change when you copy a formula, then make those cell references absolute cell references. Place a “$” before the column letter if you want that to always stay the same. Place a “$” before a row number if you want that to always stay the same.

Detailed explanation-2: -And again, you use the dollar sign ($) in an absolute column reference to lock it to a certain column, for the entire-column reference not to change when you copy a formula to other cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -An absolute reference is designated in a formula by the addition of a dollar sign ($) before the column and row. If it precedes the column or row (but not both), it’s known as a mixed reference. You will use the relative (A2) and absolute ($A$2) formats in most formulas. Mixed references are used less frequently.

Detailed explanation-4: -In an absolute reference, each part of the reference (the letter that refers to the row and the number that refers to the column) is preceded by a “$” – for example, $A$1 is an absolute reference to cell A1. Wherever the formula is copied or moved, it always refers to cell A1.

Detailed explanation-5: -In Excel, an absolute reference is a cell reference in which the column and row coordinates stay constant while copying a formula from one cell to the other. A dollar symbol ($) is used before the coordinates to correct them. For instance, $D$2 is an absolute reference to cell D2.