FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER

Detailed explanation-1: -Because all data access programs are subject to change when any of the file’s data storage characteristics change (that is, changing the data type), the file system is said to exhibit data dependence.

Detailed explanation-2: -Structural Independence exists when it is possible to make changes in the DB Structure without affecting the application programs ability to access the data.

Detailed explanation-3: -A data dependency in computer science is a situation in which a program statement (instruction) refers to the data of a preceding statement. In compiler theory, the technique used to discover data dependencies among statements (or instructions) is called dependence analysis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Structural independence exists when changes in the database structure do not affect DBMS ability to access data. Structural dependence exists when changes in the database structure do not affect DBMS ability to access data.

Detailed explanation-5: -The close relationship between data stored in files and the software programs that update and maintain those files. Any change in data organization or format requires a change in all the programs associated with those files.